Sun Smarts

Posted: March 1, 2005

The American Cancer Society estimates that during 2004, about 1 million new cases of basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma and about 59,350 new cases of malignant melanoma were diagnosed.

It is expected that skin cancer will claim the lives of approximately 9,800 Americans. Although death rates from basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas are low, these cancers can cause considerable damage and disfigurement if they are untreated. However, when detected early, approximately 95% of these carcinomas can be cured.

Exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) rays appears to be the most important environmental factor involved in the development of skin cancer. When used consistently, sun-protective practices can prevent skin cancer.

UV rays from artificial sources of light, such as tanning beds and sunlamps, are as dangerous as those from the sun and should also be avoided.

Although both tanning and burning can increase a person’s risk for skin cancer, most Americans do not consistently protect themselves from UV rays. A survey sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found that approximately 43% of Caucasian children under age 12 had at least one sunburn during the past year.

Be smart in the sun
Remember to keep yourself protected from the sun’s damaging rays. Follow these tips:

Limit time in the midday sun
The sun's rays are strongest between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. Whenever possible, limit exposure to the sun during these hours.

Seek shade
Staying under cover is a good way to protect yourself from the sun. Remember the shadow rule: Watch your shadow. No shadow, seek shade! However, do not rely on shade for complete protection. Sunlight can reflect off objects and penetrate your skin; sunscreen is still needed.

Always use sunscreen
Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of at least 15 or higher and use a lot wherever your skin is showing. Most sunscreens require a minimum of 30 minutes on your skin before they start protecting against UV rays. Reapply every 2 hours when working or playing outdoors. Even waterproof sunscreen can come off when you towel off, sweat or spend extended periods of time in the water.

Wear a hat
A hat with a wide brim offers good sun protection to your eyes, ears, face and the back of your neck — areas particularly prone to overexposure to the sun.

Cover up
Wearing tightly woven, loose-fitting and full-length clothing is a good way to protect your skin from the sun's UV rays.

Wear sunglasses that block 99% to 100% of UV radiation
Sunglasses that provide 99% to 100% UVA and UVB protection will greatly reduce sun exposure that can lead to cataracts and other eye damage. Check the label when buying sunglasses.

Avoid sunlamps and tanning salons
The light source from sunbeds and sunlamps damages the skin and unprotected eyes. It's a good idea to avoid artificial sources of UV light.

Watch for the UV Index
The UV Index provides important information to help you plan your outdoor activities in ways that prevent overexposure to the sun. Developed by the National Weather Service (NWS) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the UV Index is issued daily in selected cities across the United States.

Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Environmental Protection Agency

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