Checkup Guidelines

Posted: March 1, 2005

Cancer-related checkups should always include health counseling and examinations for cancer of the thyroid, testes, mouth, ovaries, skin and lymph nodes, according to the American Cancer Society.

A cancer-related checkup is recommended every three years for those 20 to 40 years of age and every year for those 40 years and older.

In addition, the following examinations are advised to increase the chance of detecting cancer in an early stage:

Women
Ages 18-39
For breast cancer, an examination by a physician every three years, a self-exam every month, and one baseline mammogram between the ages of 35 and 39. For cervical cancer, a pelvic exam every year as well as a yearly Pap test (including women under 18 if sexually active).

Age 40 and over
For breast cancer, a self-exam every month with a yearly professional exam and mammogram. For cervical cancer, a yearly pelvic exam and Pap test. Uterine cancer – women at high risk for endometrial cancer should have a sample of endometrial tissue biopsied when menopause begins.

Men
Age 15 and over
For testicular cancer, male teenagers should be taught the testicular self-exam. This should be done on a monthly basis and should always be done on a yearly basis by a professional. Highest risk age for this cancer is 15 to 34.

Age 50 and over
For prostate cancer, a yearly digital rectal exam of the prostate gland and a prostate specific antigen blood test (PSA). For those men at high risk – if you have a history of prostate cancer in a close family member and if you are African-American – start screening at a younger age. Consult with your doctor.

Men and Women
Age 40-50
For colorectal cancer without symptoms, a yearly digital rectal exam is advised.

Age 50 and over
For colorectal cancer without symptoms, a yearly digital rectal exam and stool blood test are recommended.

A flexible sigmoidoscopy is advised every five years after age 50. Other exams that may be suggested are the colonoscopy or double contrast barium enema. If you have a family history of colon cancer or are experiencing symptoms – consult with your doctor.

A digital rectal exam every year after 40, and a stool blood test every year after 50 are advised, as well as a proctoscopic exam every 3 to 5 years after two initial negative tests one year apart.

Minimizing your Cancer Risk: A Common Sense Approach from the American Cancer Society

• Control weight. (Cut down on fat intake and increase exercise.)
• Eat more high-fiber foods such as whole grain cereals, fruits and vegetables.
• Include foods rich in vitamins A and C in your daily diet.
• Include cruciferous vegetables (such as cabbage, broccoli and cauliflower) in your diet.
• Moderate consumption of salt-cured, smoked and nitrite-cured foods.
• Keep alcohol consumption moderate, if you do drink.
• Stop smoking.
• Wear protective clothing or sunscreen in the sun.

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